A stress fracture is a small crack in a bone that is caused by repetitive stress. Stress fractures are common in the feet, especially in the arch and the metatarsals, which are the long bones that run from the toes to the ankle.
Stress fractures are often caused by new or increased activity, such as starting a new running program or playing a new sport. They can also be caused by poor-fitting shoes, flat feet, or being overweight.
Symptoms of Stress Fractures in the Feet
The main symptom of a stress fracture in the foot is pain. The pain is usually worse with activity and may get better with rest. Other symptoms may include swelling, bruising, and tenderness.
Diagnosis of Stress Fractures in the Feet
Your doctor will usually diagnose a stress fracture based on your symptoms and a physical exam. They may also order X-rays or an MRI to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment for Stress Fractures in the Feet
The goal of treatment for a stress fracture is to rest the bone so that it can heal. Treatment may include:
Rest: This is the most important part of treatment. You should avoid any activity that causes pain.
Ice: Ice can help to reduce pain and inflammation. Apply ice to the affected area for 20 minutes at a time, several times a day.
Compression: Compression can help to reduce swelling. Use an elastic bandage to wrap the affected area snugly.
Elevation: Elevating the affected area can help to reduce swelling and pain.
Over-the-counter pain medication: Over-the-counter pain medication, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can help to relieve pain and inflammation.
Physical therapy: Physical therapy can help to improve flexibility and strength in the foot and leg, which can help to prevent future stress fractures.
In most cases, stress fractures in the feet heal within 6 to 8 weeks. However, it is important to follow your doctor’s instructions carefully to avoid further injury.
Prevention of Stress Fractures in the Feet
There are a number of things you can do to help prevent stress fractures in the feet, including:
Gradually increase your activity level. If you are starting a new exercise program, start slowly and gradually increase the intensity and duration of your workouts.
Wear shoes that fit properly. Shoes that are too tight or too loose can put stress on your feet.
Choose shoes with good arch support. Arch support can help to reduce stress on the feet.
Avoid running or walking on hard surfaces. Hard surfaces can put stress on the feet. If you must run or walk on hard surfaces, wear shoes with good shock absorption.
Warm up before exercising. Warming up helps to prepare your muscles and joints for activity and can help to prevent injuries.
Stretch after exercising. Stretching helps to improve flexibility and can help to prevent injuries.
Lose weight if you are overweight. Excess weight can put stress on your feet.
